Les styles céramiques du Néolithique moyen en Languedoc oriental : caractérisation et premières comparaisons avec la périodisation des industries lithiques taillées

摘要

Further to the cross-analysis of the ceramic components of 12 series of Eastern Languedoc and 3 extra-regional comparison series, 5 groups emerge named chassean style 1 to 5. They are chronologically situated by still few radiocarbon dates. Style 1 can be considered like a Proto-Chassean, is to say as an incomplete Chassey culture would be between 4340 and 4250 cal BC. Style 2 consists of two variants, and is closer to the style of Les Plots. It is dated between 4310 and 3985 cal BC. Style 3 also consists of two variants. Scarcest archaic elements and varied new ceramic forms make up the variant 3a dated between 3965 and 3805 cal BC. The style 3b, which is undated, emerges from these archaisms. Style 4 which is closer to the style of Auriac and style 5 that includes the “ écuelles de Bize” can’t be distinguished by radiocarbon dating. They are between 3820 and 3650 cal BC. Before Chassey culture, there are a few small sets with early Neolithic features dated between 4555 and 4460 cal BC. The end of the middle Neolithic sequence is represented by a set free of the chassean influence dated between 3640 and 3520 cal BC. The chassean lithic industries move at a slower pace whose changes do not always meet those of ceramic styles. Three lithic styles are identified (style A, B and C). Confronting the periodisations of Southern Chassey culture shows an increasingly complex nature of evolutionary process especially during the recent phases.